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Ikhadi le-Dino No. 2000 kwangu-2 027

Zalmoxes

Igama lisho ukuthi: “yaqanjwa ngoZalmoxis, unkulunkulu ezinganekwaneni zakudala zamaDacian”1

Udla: IzitshaloIzilwane ezidla izitshalo ezinemilomoLate Cretaceous

I-Zalmoxes yayiyidinosaur encane edla izitshalo eyayihlala esiqhingini esibizwa ngokuthi i-Hateg, endaweni okuyiyo iRomania manje. Yayihamba ngezinyawo ezimbili, inomlomo, futhi idla izitshalo eziqinile. Yayicishe ilingane nenja enkulu, kodwa ezinye zazincane nakakhulu!1

Yaphila

84 kuya ku-66 wezigidi zeminyaka edlule4

Late Cretaceous

Izinsalela ezitholwe e-

Amathambo atholakala eRomania, esifundeni sase-Hateg Island, kuhlanganise nezindawo zaseSânpetru, Sebes, kanye neDensuș-Ciula.1 4

Ubude

2 kuya ku-2.9 m (6.6 kuya ku-9.5 ft)1

Izilwane ezisakhula cishe ezi-2 kuya ku-2.4 m, ezindala zifinyelela ku-2.5 m, olunye uhlobo olungaqanjwanga lufinyelela ku-2.9 m

Isisindo

45 kg (99 lb)1

Ubude

0.91 m (3 ft)

isilinganiso

Isivinini esiphezulu

cishe 44 km/h (27 mph)

Ukugijima, isilinganiso

Wayedlani uZalmoxes?

UZalmoxes wayedla izitshalo eziqinile, ezifana namahlumela athambile, imifino yasezindaweni ezinomswakama, izitshalo ezinezimbali, nezitshalo ezifana nezinkonkoni. Wayenomlomo onjengowenyoni futhi ekwazi ukugaya izitshalo zohlobo lwe-C3.

Yaphila nini?

Triassic

Jurassic

I-Cretaceous

Izigidi ezingama-252 eminyakeni edlule20114566, i-asteroid (isikhathi lapho i-asteroid ishaya)

Yayinkulu kangakanani?

Yayinde kangakanani?

Yayimude kangakanani?

isilinganiso

Yayisinda kangakanani?

isinda njengezinja ezi-2

inde njengezinja ezi-3 kusukela ekhaleni kuya emsileniinde njengobhanana abangu-16 belandelanaisinda njengamakati asekhaya angu-11isinda njengamakhabe angu-9isinda njengezingane zasenkulisa ezi-2.5isinda njengezingane zesikole ezi-1.5ingagijima amamitha ayi-100 ngemizuzwana engu-8.2 (umuntu oshesha kakhulu udinga u-9.6)

Yayinkulu kangakanani i-Zalmoxes uma uqhathaniswa NAWE?

Izibalo nje kusiphequluli sakho. Akukho okugcinwayo noma okuthunyelwa ndawo.

Yayishesha kangakanani?

Umuntu ohambayo cishe 5 km/h (3 mph)

Ingane esebhayisikilini cishe 12 km/h (7 mph)

Zalmoxes cishe 44 km/h (27 mph)

Ihhashi eligijimayo cishe 65 km/h (40 mph)

Ingwe cishe 100 km/h (62 mph)

izinto ezinhle

Amaqiniso amnandi

I-Zalmoxes yayikhula kancane futhi inesikhathi eside sokukhula, okuhlukile kwezinye izidinosaur eziningi.1

Yayihlala esiqhingini, futhi ososayensi bacabanga ukuthi kungenzeka yayincane kunezihlobo zayo ngenxa yokuncipha kwesayizi esiqhingini, nakuba abanye becabanga ukuthi yayincane vele.1

I-Zalmoxes yayinekhanda elikhulu elingunxantathu nomlomo, okwayisiza ukuba idle izitshalo eziqinile.1

Amathambo e-Zalmoxes atholakale nase-Austria naseFrance futhi, hhayi eRomania kuphela.4

Olunye uhlobo lwe-Zalmoxes, olubizwa ngokuthi i-Z. shqiperorum, kamuva lwafakwa kwesinye isigaba sedinosaur, i-ceratopsian, hhayi i-ornithopod.1

UZalmoxes kwakungesinye sezilwane ezinomgogodla ezazivame kakhulu eTransylvania ngesikhathi sokuphela kwenkathi yeCretaceous.1

Isithombe sika-Zalmoxes esenziwe nge-AI sokuthi kungenzeka ukuthi wayebukeka kanjani, senziwe yikhompyutha ngokusekelwe kulokho okwaziwa ososayensi. Lokhu kuwukuqagela: isilwane sangempela kungenzeka ukuthi sasibukeka ngokuhlukile, futhi akekho owazi imibala yaso yangempela.

ubuzile

Imibuzo ebuzwa kakhulu mayelana no-Zalmoxes

?Wayemkhulu kangakanani uZalmoxes?

UZalmoxes wayemncane, lapho izilwane ezindala zohlobo lwe-Z. robustus zifinyelela cishe kumamitha angu-2.5 ubude futhi zinesisindo esicishe sibe amakhilogremu angu-45. Olunye uhlobo olungaqanjwanga lwalukhula lufike kumamitha angu-2.9 ubude.1

?Wayedlani uZalmoxes?

?Waphila nini uZalmoxes?

I-Zalmoxes yaphila ngenkathi ye-Maastrichtian ye-Late Cretaceous, eminyakeni engaba yizigidi ezingama-70 kuya kwezingama-66 edlule. Yayingenye yezilwane ezinomgogodla ezazivame kakhulu eTransylvania ngaleso sikhathi.1 3

?Watholakala kuphi uZalmoxes?

Izinsalela zikaZalmoxes zitholakale eRomania, ikakhulukazi esigodini saseHateg eTransylvania. Eminye imithombo iphinde isho ukutholakala kwawo e-Austria naseFrance, kodwa indawo eyinhloko iseRomania.1 3

?Ingabe uZalmoxes wayeyidinosaur?

Yebo, uZalmoxes wayeyidinosaur, ikakhulukazi i-ornithopod encane. Uhlukaniswa njenge-rhabdodontid ornithopod okungenzeka ukuthi wayeyiyo, hhayi i-ceratopsian, nakuba olunye uhlobo lwaphinde lwahlukaniswa kamuva.1 3

?Kungani uZalmoxes ayemncane?

Ososayensi bake bacabanga ukuthi uZalmoxes wayemncane ngenxa yokuthi wayehlala eziqhingini, kodwa izifundo zakamuva zibonisa ukuthi wayeseduze nosayizi wokhokho bakhe. Ezinye izinhlobo ezihlobene naye zazinkulu noma zincane ngenxa yezimo zesiqhingi.1

Umchithi wezinganekwane

Inganekwane: Abanye abantu bacabanga ukuthi i-Zalmoxes yayiyidinosaur encane ngoba yayihlala esiqhingini.

Iqiniso: Ososayensi manje bacabanga ukuthi i-Zalmoxes yayincane vele, kanti isihlobo sayo esikhulu i-Rhabdodon sasikhula kakhulu ngenxa yokuhlala esiqhingini, kanti esinye isihlobo esincane i-Mochlodon sasincipha ngenxa yokuhlala esiqhingini.1

Ochwepheshe bama-dino

Igama lesayensi: Zalmoxes
Iqanjwe ngu: Weishampel et al. 20034
Iqembu: Izilwane ezidla izitshalo ezinemilomo
Umndeni / i-clade: Rhabdodontoidea4
Ukuhlukaniswa: Ornithischia > Ornithopoda > Iguanodontia4
Inkathi yamadwala: 84 kuya ku-66 wezigidi zeminyaka (Campanian / Maastrichtian)4
Izakhiwo zamatshe: Sebeş, Sînpetru, Densuș-Ciula4
Amazwe: Romania, I-Austria, France4
Izinsalela ezitholiwe: 44 ku-Paleobiology Database4
Eyaziwa nangokuthi: Onychosaurus (amagama amadala manje abalwa njengesilwane esisodwa)4
Ukutholakala: Amathambo okuqala aqanjwa ngokuthi i-Mochlodon robustus nguBaron Franz Nopcsa ngo-1899. Ngo-2003, ososayensi bawashintsha igama laba yi-Zalmoxes robustus ngemuva kokufunda amathambo amasha.1 2
Kusaphikiswana ngakho: Ososayensi basaphikisana ngokuthi i-Zalmoxes yayiwuhlobo oluncane ngokwemvelo noma yayincane nje, nokuthi ihlobene kanjani nezinye izidinosaur ezifanayo.1

Lapho amaqiniso evela khona

Zalmoxes (en.wikipedia.org)
Osteology and phylogeny of Zalmoxes (n. g.), an unusual Euornithopod dinosaur from the latest Cretaceous of Romania (tandfonline.com)
Zalmoxes | Natural History Museum (nhm.ac.uk)
Zalmoxes in The Paleobiology Database (CC BY 4.0): iminyaka, izindawo, izakhiwo zamadwala, ukuhlukaniswa.

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